Infrastructure Application and Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

base Application and Review - Essay ExampleNevertheless, scientists and engineers continuously laboured to keep abreast of modern trends in highway regime and maintenance.As early as 1989, the maiden version of a digital highway map database for land navigation has been completed. The database contains precise information on the highroad attributes all over lacquer and may be used to strengthen highway management initiatives (Kamijo, Okumura and Kitamura, 1989, p. 319).It was, however, in 2003 when Japan introduced a road management mechanism in order to promote efficacy and transp arncy in road administration. The organization is anchored on a system of measurements based on indices. Salient features of the road management system are performance plans, achievement reports and the Guidance for Road Administration Management (GRAM). A performance plan which delineates numeric targets, policies and projects are published yearly while an achievement report which contains an assess ment of the level of achievement of the mathematical targets are also published at the end of each fiscal year.Meanwhile, to maximize the gains of the road administration management system as it is implemented in the countryside, the GRAM is prepared and disseminated. Figure 1 shows the classifiable flow of road administration management in Japan as practised by the Ministry of Land, groundwork and Transport (Road Bureau, 2008a).Over the years, the Japanese government and the concerned institutions struggled to encourage systematic management founded on exist circumstances and forecasts. Preventive maintenance is commonly implemented to extend the functionality of infrastructure like bridge systems. This climb up is known to mitigate costs related to repair and rebuilding.To be able to capitalise on the benefits of prophylactic maintenance, Japanese road administrators also practiced competent defect identification and